The first approach takes a country’s cumulative emissions in each year and divides it by the number of people living in the country at the time, implicitly assigning responsibility for the past to those alive today. The table, below left, shows the top 20 countries on this basis, as of 2021.

The second approach takes a country’s per-capita emissions in each year and adds them up over time, with the result, as of 2021, shown in the table, below right. This gives equal weight to the per-capita emissions of the populations of the past and of the present day.

URL: https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-which-countries-are-historically-responsible-for-climate-change/

Rank	Country	Cumulative emissions per population in 2021, tCO2	Rank	Country	Cumulative per capita emissions, tCO2
1	Canada	1,751	1	New Zealand	5,764
2	United States	1,547	2	Canada	4,772
3	Estonia	1,394	3	Australia	4,013
4	Australia	1,388	4	United States	3,820
5	Trinidad and Tobago	1,187	5	Argentina	3,382
6	Russia	1,181	6	Qatar	3,340
7	Kazakhstan	1,121	7	Gabon	2,764
8	United Kingdom	1,100	8	Malaysia	2,342
9	Germany	1,059	9	Republic of Congo	2,276
10	Belgium	1,053	10	Nicaragua	2,187
11	Finland	1,052	11	Paraguay	2,111
12	Czechia	1,016	12	Kazakhstan	2,067
13	New Zealand	962	13	Zambia	1,966
14	Belarus	961	14	Panama	1,948
15	Ukraine	922	15	Cote d’Ivoire	1,943
16	Lithuania	899	16	Costa Rica	1,932
17	Qatar	792	17	Bolivia	1,881
18	Denmark	781	18	Kuwait	1,855
19	Sweden	776	19	Trinidad and Tobago	1,842
20	Paraguay	732	20	United Arab Emirates	1,834

 

https://www.worldometers.info/co2-emissions/co2-emissions-per-capita/

Rank	Country	CO2 Emissions per capita (tons)	CO2 Emissions	Population
1	Qatar	38.14	98,990,085	2,595,166
2	Montenegro	25.66	16,249,039	633,264
3	Kuwait	25.07	101,492,225	4,048,085
4	United Arab Emirates	24.33	218,788,684	8,994,263
5	Trinidad and Tobago	23.8	34,974,263	1,469,330
6	Oman	19.97	87,835,773	4,398,070
7	Canada	18.72	675,918,610	36,113,532
8	Brunei	18.01	7,672,127	425,994
9	Gibraltar	17.59	572,708	32,565
10	Luxembourg	17.39	10,144,632	583,351
11	Bahrain	17.35	24,458,384	1,409,661
12	Australia	17.15	414,988,700	24,195,701
13	Estonia	17.02	22,402,414	1,315,926
14	Saudi Arabia	15.47	517,079,407	33,416,270
15	United States	15.32	5,011,686,600	327,210,198
16	Falkland Islands	13.84	48,568	3,508
17	Turkmenistan	13.51	79,279,216	5,868,561
18	Kazakhstan	12.83	231,919,540	18,078,553
19	South Korea	11.77	604,043,830	51,309,984
20	Taiwan	11.73	276,724,868	23,594,471
21	Iceland	11.69	3,923,884	335,675
22	Russia	11.45	1,661,899,300	145,109,157
23	Bahamas	11.12	4,404,247	395,976
24	Czech Republic (Czechia)	10.62	111,825,428	10,527,591
25	Bermuda	10.14	639,352	63,068
26	Japan	9.76	1,239,592,060	126,993,857
27	Netherlands	9.54	163,419,285	17,124,505
28	Germany	9.42	775,752,190	82,331,423
29	Finland	9.31	51,183,960	5,495,219
30	Singapore	8.47	48,381,759	5,711,933
31	Malaysia	8.45	266,251,542	31,526,418
32	Austria	8.44	73,764,112	8,736,487
33	Libya	8.39	52,696,075	6,282,196
34	Belgium	8.37	94,722,813	11,316,836
35	Norway	8.3	43,456,012	5,236,590
36	Ireland	8.29	39,086,565	4,715,788
37	New Caledonia	8.24	2,338,717	283,748
38	Israel	7.99	65,201,588	8,159,009
39	Iran	7.71	642,560,030	83,306,231
40	Poland	7.7	296,659,670	38,532,113
41	China	7.44	10,432,751,400	1,401,889,681
42	Bosnia and Herzegovina	7.38	25,674,120	3,480,986
43	Martinique	7.14	2,715,477	380,345
44	New Zealand	7.13	33,276,202	4,668,081
45	Slovenia	7.04	14,722,601	2,090,020
46	Bulgaria	7.02	50,872,910	7,245,975
47	South Africa	6.92	390,557,850	56,422,274
48	Slovakia	6.78	36,817,242	5,431,203
49	Denmark	6.66	38,007,645	5,706,857
50	Cayman Islands	6.52	406,057	62,255
51	Belarus	6.45	62,655,669	9,708,110
52	Hong Kong	6.33	47,066,386	7,435,927
53	Greece	6.31	67,840,662	10,749,742
54	Guadeloupe	6.23	2,478,038	397,854
55	Mongolia	6.13	18,574,260	3,029,555
56	Italy	5.96	358,139,550	60,118,626
57	Cyprus	5.74	6,872,427	1,197,881
58	Venezuela	5.72	175,884,256	30,741,464
59	French Guiana	5.61	1,473,719	262,813
60	United Kingdom	5.6	367,860,350	65,655,203
61	Barbados	5.53	1,541,447	278,649
62	Serbia	5.49	41,168,059	7,493,288
63	Spain	5.42	251,892,320	46,473,315
64	Ukraine	5.2	233,220,080	44,833,569
65	Hungary	5.2	51,018,899	9,815,104
66	France	5.18	331,533,320	63,989,319
67	Seychelles	5.17	519,693	100,508
68	Macao	4.96	3,106,518	626,688
69	Portugal	4.85	50,142,844	10,332,753
70	Antigua and Barbuda	4.84	438,763	90,564
71	Malta	4.83	2,257,870	467,705
72	Switzerland	4.74	39,666,930	8,372,898
73	Lithuania	4.66	13,685,264	2,933,673
74	Grenada	4.63	554,848	119,966
75	Argentina	4.6	200,708,270	43,668,241
76	Croatia	4.6	19,408,194	4,223,751
77	Turkey	4.54	368,122,740	81,019,394
78	Chile	4.49	81,258,525	18,083,879
79	Sweden	4.49	44,694,415	9,953,317
80	Guyana	4.29	3,253,057	759,087
81	Saint Kitts & Nevis	4.25	203,036	47,788
82	North Macedonia	4.22	8,896,732	2,110,196
83	Iraq	4.2	162,646,160	38,697,943
84	Latvia	4.13	8,157,157	1,973,476
85	Romania	3.98	78,770,824	19,797,820
86	Algeria	3.87	156,220,560	40,339,329
87	Thailand	3.84	271,040,160	70,607,037
88	Suriname	3.7	2,152,933	581,453
89	Mexico	3.63	441,412,750	121,519,221
90	Lebanon	3.49	21,863,288	6,258,619
91	Uzbekistan	3.48	109,347,340	31,453,574
92	Saint Lucia	3.45	608,182	176,413
93	French Polynesia	3.42	1,003,249	293,541
94	St. Vincent & Grenadines	3.42	362,414	105,963
95	Azerbaijan	3.37	33,614,235	9,976,248
96	British Virgin Islands	3.35	99,762	29,739
97	Jamaica	3.19	8,946,575	2,802,695
98	Belize	3.03	1,114,105	367,313
99	Panama	2.88	11,599,764	4,026,336
100	Botswana	2.74	6,438,429	2,352,416
101	Aruba	2.74	286,871	104,874
102	Gabon	2.73	5,694,208	2,086,206
103	Maldives	2.71	1,233,015	454,252
104	Cuba	2.68	30,389,116	11,342,012
105	Dominica	2.65	185,767	70,075
106	Moldova	2.56	8,258,774	3,225,123
107	Tunisia	2.52	29,395,965	11,685,667
108	Mauritius	2.47	3,192,307	1,293,911
109	Ecuador	2.44	40,065,690	16,439,585
110	Tonga	2.38	251,375	105,707
111	Saint Helena	2.38	13,128	5,510
112	Palau	2.34	41,732	17,816
113	North Korea	2.31	58,708,734	25,389,611
114	Jordan	2.29	22,772,370	9,964,656
115	Georgia	2.28	8,610,414	3,771,110
116	Brazil	2.24	462,994,920	206,859,578
117	Bhutan	2.24	1,682,100	749,761
118	Dominican Republic	2.23	23,466,740	10,527,592
119	Vietnam	2.21	206,042,140	93,126,529
120	Egypt	2.2	219,377,350	99,784,030
121	Cook Islands	2.13	37,354	17,546
122	Anguilla	2.04	30,262	14,813
123	Indonesia	2.02	530,035,650	261,850,182
124	Syria	2.01	38,054,696	18,964,252
125	Uruguay	1.91	6,508,013	3,413,766
126	India	1.89	2,533,638,100	1,338,636,340
127	Peru	1.85	57,692,879	31,132,779
128	Fiji	1.85	1,703,193	918,371
129	Albania	1.81	5,208,319	2,881,063
130	Bolivia	1.73	19,463,728	11,263,015
131	Turks and Caicos	1.71	65,451	38,246
132	Costa Rica	1.68	8,328,890	4,945,205
133	Namibia	1.68	3,901,830	2,323,352
134	Morocco	1.64	57,694,464	35,107,264
135	Colombia	1.63	77,667,594	47,625,955
136	Armenia	1.6	4,597,845	2,865,835
137	Equatorial Guinea	1.54	2,156,371	1,398,927
138	Saint Pierre & Miquelon	1.48	8,842	5,965